469a1b24d9ce001f37af3b5b1fb02b58dd27c864
Japanese/Pitch Accent/Pitch accent usage overview.md
| ... | ... | @@ -80,52 +80,55 @@ In almost every case, when a weak mora needs to be stressed, the stress moves on |
| 80 | 80 | ### Stressed nouns |
| 81 | 81 | After stressed nouns, most postpositions will follow the low pattern: |
| 82 | 82 | |
| 83 | -先生 |
|
| 84 | -- ~{せんせ\い} |
|
| 85 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_は}** |
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| 86 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_の}** |
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| 87 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_に}** |
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| 88 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_から}** |
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| 89 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_には}** |
|
| 90 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_です}** |
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| 91 | -- ~{せんせ\い}**~{_ですよね}** |
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| 83 | +- 先生 |
|
| 84 | + - ~{せんせ\い} |
|
| 85 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_は}** |
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| 86 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_の}** |
|
| 87 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_に}** |
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| 88 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_から}** |
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| 89 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_には}** |
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| 90 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_です}** |
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| 91 | + - ~{せんせ\い}**~{_ですよね}** |
|
| 92 | 92 | |
| 93 | 93 | Keep in mind it also applies to odaka: |
| 94 | 94 | |
| 95 | -花 |
|
| 96 | -- ~{はな\} |
|
| 97 | -- ~{はな\}**~{_は}** |
|
| 98 | -- ~{はな\}**~{_ですよね}** |
|
| 95 | +- 花 |
|
| 96 | + - ~{はな\} |
|
| 97 | + - ~{はな\}**~{_は}** |
|
| 98 | + - ~{はな\}**~{_ですよね}** |
|
| 99 | 99 | |
| 100 | 100 | One very important exception is **日本** when paired with **〜の**: |
| 101 | 101 | |
| 102 | -- ~{にほ\ん} |
|
| 103 | -- ~{にほ\ん}**~{_は}** |
|
| 104 | -- ~{にほん}**~{^の}** !!! |
|
| 102 | +- 日本 |
|
| 103 | + - ~{にほ\ん} |
|
| 104 | + - ~{にほ\ん}**~{_は}** |
|
| 105 | + - ~{にほん}**~{^の}** !!! |
|
| 105 | 106 | |
| 106 | 107 | ### Heiban nouns |
| 107 | 108 | After non-stressed (heiban) nouns, the behaviour is different based on how long the whole postposition is. If it's only one mora, it keeps its heiban pattern: |
| 108 | 109 | |
| 109 | -私 |
|
| 110 | -- ~{わたし} |
|
| 111 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^は}** |
|
| 112 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^の}** |
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| 113 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^に}** |
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| 114 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^と}** |
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| 110 | +- 私 |
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| 111 | + - ~{わたし} |
|
| 112 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^は}** |
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| 113 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^の}** |
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| 114 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^に}** |
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| 115 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^と}** |
|
| 115 | 116 | |
| 116 | 117 | However, if the whole postposition is two or more moras long, the first mora of the postposition is stressed: |
| 117 | 118 | |
| 118 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^に\は}** |
|
| 119 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^で\す}** |
|
| 120 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^な\のよ}** |
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| 121 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^ま\で}** |
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| 119 | +- 私 |
|
| 120 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^に\は}** |
|
| 121 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^で\す}** |
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| 122 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^な\のよ}** |
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| 123 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^ま\で}** |
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| 122 | 124 | |
| 123 | 125 | Two important exceptions from this rule are **〜から** and **〜だけ**, which behave like one mora particles[^kara-dake]: |
| 124 | 126 | |
| 125 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^から}** ・~{わたし}**~{^だけ}** |
|
| 126 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^から\です}**・~{わたし}**~{^だけ\です}** |
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| 127 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^から\の}** ・~{わたし}**~{^だけ\の}** |
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| 128 | -- ~{わたし}**~{^から\には}**・~{わたし}**~{^だけ\には}** |
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| 127 | +- 私 |
|
| 128 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^から}** ・~{わたし}**~{^だけ}** |
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| 129 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^から\です}**・~{わたし}**~{^だけ\です}** |
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| 130 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^から\の}** ・~{わたし}**~{^だけ\の}** |
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| 131 | + - ~{わたし}**~{^から\には}**・~{わたし}**~{^だけ\には}** |
|
| 129 | 132 | |
| 130 | 133 | [^kara-dake]: |
| 131 | 134 | The reason for this is that both 〜から and 〜だけ originally came from suffix nouns: 〜から comes from 柄 (origin, type) and 〜だけ comes from 丈 (height, limit) |
| ... | ... | @@ -133,26 +136,28 @@ Two important exceptions from this rule are **〜から** and **〜だけ**, whi |
| 133 | 136 | ## Na-adjective phrases |
| 134 | 137 | Generally, the same rules as for nouns apply. So for stressed na-adjectives the pattern continues with the low pitch: |
| 135 | 138 | |
| 136 | -綺麗 |
|
| 137 | -- ~{き\れい} |
|
| 138 | -- ~{き\れい}**~{_な}** |
|
| 139 | -- ~{き\れい}**~{_に}** |
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| 140 | -- ~{き\れい}**~{_ですね}** |
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| 141 | -- ~{き\れい}**~{_だった}** |
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| 139 | +- 綺麗 |
|
| 140 | + - ~{き\れい} |
|
| 141 | + - ~{き\れい}**~{_な}** |
|
| 142 | + - ~{き\れい}**~{_に}** |
|
| 143 | + - ~{き\れい}**~{_ですね}** |
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| 144 | + - ~{き\れい}**~{_だった}** |
|
| 142 | 145 | |
| 143 | 146 | While for heiban, only the first mora of the postposition is high: |
| 144 | 147 | |
| 145 | -簡単 |
|
| 146 | -- ~{かんたん} |
|
| 147 | -- ~{かんたん}**~{^な}** |
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| 148 | -- ~{かんたん}**~{^に}** |
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| 149 | -- ~{かんたん}**~{^で\すよ}** |
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| 150 | -- ~{かんたん}**~{^だ\った}** |
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| 148 | +- 簡単 |
|
| 149 | + - ~{かんたん} |
|
| 150 | + - ~{かんたん}**~{^な}** |
|
| 151 | + - ~{かんたん}**~{^に}** |
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| 152 | + - ~{かんたん}**~{^で\すよ}** |
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| 153 | + - ~{かんたん}**~{^だ\った}** |
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| 151 | 154 | |
| 152 | 155 | Please note that the negation of na-adjectives (and also nouns for this matter) isn't considered a single phrase and therefore the above rules do not apply[^ja-nai]: |
| 153 | 156 | |
| 154 | -- ~{き\れい}**~{_じゃ} ~{な\い}** |
|
| 155 | -- ~{かんたん}**~{^じゃ} ~{な\い}** |
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| 157 | +- 綺麗 |
|
| 158 | + - ~{き\れい}**~{_じゃ} ~{な\い}** |
|
| 159 | +- 簡単 |
|
| 160 | + - ~{かんたん}**~{^じゃ} ~{な\い}** |
|
| 156 | 161 | |
| 157 | 162 | [^ja-nai]: |
| 158 | 163 | Even more, if 〜じゃない is used for affirmation instead of negation (often further contracted to 〜じゃん), it is considered a postposition as a whole. This makes it a pitch accent minimal pair: |