1cc0194261e266d787e89973a11a64fec1006a02
Conlangs/IAL.md
| ... | ... | @@ -63,8 +63,6 @@ Only some consonant clusters (pairs) are allowed to occur: |
| 63 | 63 | | l | lm | | | | | lb | | lg | lf | ls | lx | | | | |
| 64 | 64 | | y (i) | im | in | | | | ib | id | ig | if | is | ix | | il | | |
| 65 | 65 | |
| 66 | -### Minimal pairs |
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| 67 | - |
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| 68 | 66 | # Vocabulary |
| 69 | 67 | The words are divided into two main categories: core words and loanwords. |
| 70 | 68 | |
| ... | ... | @@ -72,7 +70,7 @@ The words are divided into two main categories: core words and loanwords. |
| 72 | 70 | Core words are words created a priori for the language, they are meant to represent concepts, and while inspired by natural languages, they are not intended to be thought as an actual borrowings. |
| 73 | 71 | |
| 74 | 72 | ## Loanwords |
| 75 | -Loan words are words which try to transcribe the original word as close as possible using the available phonology. They are meant as labels for a particular type of thing, and 95% of the time need a core word as a suffix to describe it. **Loanwords should use endonyms instead of English names**. Example use cases for loanwords are: |
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| 73 | +Loan words are words which try to transcribe the original word as close as possible using the available phonology. While the fonotactics for loanwords is more lax, it's highly encouraged to try to stick to the core word phonotactics. They are meant as labels for types of things, and most of the times need a core word as a suffix to describe it. **Loanwords should use endonyms instead of English names**. Example use cases for loanwords are: |
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| 76 | 74 | |
| 77 | 75 | - Country names: Poska (Poland), Inlan (England), Nipon (Japan), Xonguwo (China) |
| 78 | 76 | - Language names: Poski (Polish), Inlix (English), Italyano (Italian), Nipongo (Japanese), Xonwen or Kanyu (Chinese) |
| ... | ... | @@ -88,52 +86,34 @@ While for personal or family names everyone should choose the transcription they |
| 88 | 86 | |
| 89 | 87 | ## Sentence structrue |
| 90 | 88 | |
| 91 | -subject, particle, {verb, object} |
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| 92 | - |
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| 93 | -## Nouns |
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| 89 | +subject, (particle, verb, object)+ |
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| 94 | 90 | |
| 95 | -## Verbs |
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| 96 | -Verbs always end with [a]. They can be both transitive and intransitive, however they are never bi-transitive. Inside a sentence, verbs can be chained in a following manner: SV¹O¹V²O²... |
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| 91 | +## Particles |
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| 92 | +### Sentence particles |
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| 97 | 93 | |
| 98 | -As an example, let's introduce following words: |
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| 94 | +- ta - present tense particle |
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| 95 | + - Ako ta moka supu - I eat soup, I am eating soup |
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| 96 | +- le - past tense particle |
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| 97 | + - Ako le moka supu - I ate soup, I was eating soup |
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| 98 | +- sa - "while, at the same time" - not used as the first particle |
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| 99 | + - Ako ta moka supu sa saya tomo |
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| 100 | +- mi - subjunctive - hypothetical or future |
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| 101 | +- sal - "then" |
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| 99 | 102 | |
| 103 | +### Word particles |
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| 100 | 104 | |
| 101 | -|ako|I; me| |
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| 102 | -|saya|to be located at; to exist (at)| |
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| 103 | -|domo|home; house| |
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| 104 | -|moka|eat; drink; consume| |
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| 105 | -|supu|soup; stew; any liquid food| |
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| 105 | +- ne - negation |
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| 106 | +- ye - "and", "too" |
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| 107 | +- aka - "or", "or else" |
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| 108 | +- mei - imperative |
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| 106 | 109 | |
| 107 | -Using them, we can create a following sentence: |
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| 108 | 110 | |
| 109 | -``` |
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| 110 | -Ako moka supu saya domo - I eat soup at home (lit. I eat soup be-in home) |
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| 111 | -``` |
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| 112 | - |
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| 113 | -Important thing to notice is that while the natural translation suggests a usage of preposition (at home), the actual part of speech used is a verb. More literally this sentence could be translated as (and is equal in meaning to): "I eat soup and am at home" |
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| 114 | - |
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| 115 | -## Particles |
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| 116 | -Particles are small fuction words used for various things, they usually end with -e but in contrary to verbs, it's not a hard rule. Here's a list of most common particles: |
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| 117 | - |
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| 118 | -- **ne** (n') - negation particle: |
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| 119 | - - Ako **ne** saya domo" - I am not at home |
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| 120 | -- **ge** (g') - perfective particle: |
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| 121 | - - "Ako **ge** ina domo" - I went home, I have gone home; |
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| 122 | -- **bei** (b') - wish particle, imperative: |
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| 123 | - - "**Bei** (kimi) ina domo!" - Go to home! |
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| 124 | -- **date** - quotation particle, subjunctive: |
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| 125 | - - "Ako kona **date** kimi saya domo" - I know you are at home; |
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| 126 | - - "Ako kena **date** moka neko" - I can eat a cat. |
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| 127 | -- **de** (d') - attributive particle |
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| 128 | - - "Peti **de** neko" - A small cat |
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| 129 | - - "Ako moka **de** neko esa peti" - The cat I eat is small |
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| 130 | -- **ye** - and; too |
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| 131 | - - "Ako **ye** kimi" - Me and you |
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| 132 | 111 | - "**Ye** ako ina domo" - I also go home |
| 133 | 112 | |
| 134 | 113 | ## Adjectives and adverbs |
| 135 | 114 | ## Suffixes |
| 136 | 115 | # Example texts |
| 116 | + |
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| 137 | 117 | ``` |
| 138 | 118 | Ako-men |
| 139 | 119 | ``` |
| ... | ... | \ No newline at end of file |